3 Physical oceanography data

3.1 Atlantic Wind Speed - Annual Average

3.1.1 Project information

Lead entity: BOEM

Partner entities: NREL

PI name: George Scott

PI contact information:

Data start year: 2007

Data end year: 2013

Spatial scale: Northwest Atlantic

3.1.2 Data information

Project link: https://gis.boem.gov/arcgis/rest/services/BOEM_BSEE/US_Atlantic_Coast_Monthly_Offshore_Wind_Speed/MapServer/0

Data link: NA

Metadata link: NA

Data availability: Yes

Data categories: Physical oceanography

Data type: spatial

3.1.3 Project description

Reclassified Rasters and then Polygons were created from the point layers described below in order to provide a quicker Map Service for the MarineCadastre.gov National Viewer. Downloads of these files and the original points are available from the MarineCadastre.gov Data Registry Description of source data points: The geodatabase was created by computing statistical wind speed parameters for seven years of wind data from NREL’s WIND Toolkit and placing them on a GIS grid that corresponds to the existing BOEM aliquot lease grid for the Atlantic coastal region. For the Atlantic coastal region, seven years of modeled mean wind speed data on an approximately 2-km grid were obtained from NREL’s WIND Toolkit (http://www.nrel.gov/grid/wind-toolkit.html). Each 1.2-km BOEM aliquot grid cell was assigned a mean wind speed that corresponds to the nearest 2-km WIND Toolkit grid cell representing the majority of its area. The Weibull parameters were estimated by computing the parameters of a Weibull distribution that has the same mean speed and wind energy as the WIND Toolkit data. This process created a long-term, monthly, and hourly (by month and for the whole 7-year period) Weibull representation of the wind speed for each aliquot. The resulting dataset is intended to provide broad estimates of wind speed variation for the purposes of identifying possible good wind energy sites. It is not intended to provide estimates of possible energy production for the purpose of making offshore wind project investment or financing decisions in specific locations. Explanation of Attributes: Results in the geodatabase are reported on the existing 1.2 km x 1.2 km aliquot grid defined by BOEM for the Atlantic coastal region. Wind speed statistics are reported at the center point of each aliquot grid, but represent the mean values over the entire area of each grid cell. The data set delivered to BOEM is a geodatabase consisting of 14 layers. There is one layer for the long-term statistics, one layer for each month, and one polygon layer of aliquots covered by the data. The long-term shapefile includes mean wind speed and Weibull parameters to capture the long-term wind speed distribution of the entire 7-year time series. Each monthly shapefile contains mean wind speed and Weibull parameters for that month overall and for each hour of the day within that month. All times are in EST (UTC-5). Source: National Renewable Energy Laboratory. 15013 Denver West Parkway, Golden, CO 80401. Phone: 303-275-3000. NREL is a national laboratory of the U.S Department of Energy, Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy. Operated by the Alliance for Sustainable Energy, LLC. Additional Information: Contact George Scott at for more information.

3.2 NEFSC Bottom Trawl Survey - Fall

3.2.1 Project information

Lead entity: NOAA NEFSC

Partner entities: NA

PI name: Catherine Foley

PI contact information:

Data start year: 1963

Data end year: Present

Spatial scale: Northwest Atlantic

3.2.2 Data information

Project link: https://www.fisheries.noaa.gov/inport/item/22560

Data link: https://catalog.data.gov/dataset/fall-bottom-trawl-survey1

Metadata link: NA

Data availability: Yes

Data categories: Physical oceanography, Groundfish, Elasmobranchs, Pelagic fishes

Data type: spatial

3.2.3 Project description

The standardized NEFSC Fall Bottom Trawl Survey was initiated in 1963 and covered an area from Hudson Canyon, NY to Nova Scotia, Canada. Throughout the years, coverage has extended as far south as Florida and sampling depths have ranged from <27 to 366 m. Currently, the survey coverage is from Cape Hatteras, NC to Nova Scotia and the minimum depth range is > 18 m as the result of a change in the sampling platform. This has resulted in the exclusion of many inshore strata.

3.3 NEFSC Bottom Trawl Survey - Spring

3.3.1 Project information

Lead entity: NOAA NEFSC

Partner entities: NA

PI name: Catherine Foley

PI contact information:

Data start year: 1968

Data end year: Present

Spatial scale: Northwest Atlantic

3.3.2 Data information

Project link: https://www.fisheries.noaa.gov/inport/item/22561

Data link: https://catalog.data.gov/dataset/spring-bottom-trawl-survey1

Metadata link: NA

Data availability: Yes

Data categories: Physical oceanography, Groundfish, Elasmobranchs, Pelagic fishes

Data type: spatial

3.3.3 Project description

The standardized NEFSC Spring Bottom Trawl Survey was initiated in 1968 and covered an area from Cape Hatteras, NC, to Nova Scotia, Canada, at depths >27m. Throughout the years, coverage has extended as far south as Florida and sampling depths have ranged from <27m to 366m. Currently, the survey coverage is from Cape Lookout, NC to Nova Scotia, including Georges Bank and the Gulf of Maine. The depth range minimum is >18 m, as the result of a change in the sampling platform. This has resulted in the exclusion of many inshore strata.

3.4 NEFSC Bottom Trawl Survey - Summer

3.4.1 Project information

Lead entity: NOAA NEFSC

Partner entities: NA

PI name: Catherine Foley

PI contact information:

Data start year: 1991

Data end year: 1995

Spatial scale: Northwest Atlantic

3.4.2 Data information

Project link: https://www.fisheries.noaa.gov/inport/item/22562

Data link: https://catalog.data.gov/dataset/summer-bottom-trawl-survey1

Metadata link: NA

Data availability: Yes

Data categories: Physical oceanography, Groundfish, Elasmobranchs, Pelagic fishes

Data type: spatial

3.4.3 Project description

Sampling the coastal waters of the Gulf of Maine using the Northeast Fishery Science Center standardized bottom trawl has been problematic due to large areas of hard bottom and the proliferation of fixed fishing gear. Concerns that areas with significant fish biomass were not being sampled resulted in the NEFSC developing a summer bottom trawl survey in order to supplement sampling in this region. The NEFSC worked with regional fisherman to map areas accessible to bottom trawls and used this information to develop a sampling regime. A master list of towable areas was used to inform the stratified-random survey design which allowed sampling in these areas, while greatly reducing gear damage. This survey was conducted from 1991 through 1995.

3.5 CurrentMagnitudeDirection

3.5.1 Project information

Lead entity: NOAA

Partner entities: NA

PI name: NOAA OCM

PI contact information:

Data start year: 2022

Data end year: 2024

Spatial scale: USA

3.5.3 Project description

Feature layer of annually averaged direction and magnitude of currents

3.6 EMU_Salinity

3.6.1 Project information

Lead entity: NOAA

Partner entities: NA

PI name: NOAA OCM

PI contact information:

Data start year: 2021

Data end year: 2024

Spatial scale: USA

3.6.2 Data information

Project link: https://coast.noaa.gov/arcgis/rest/services/OceanReports/EMU_Salinity/MapServer

Data link: https://coast.noaa.gov/arcgis/rest/services/OceanReports/EMU_Salinity/MapServer/0

Metadata link: https://www.fisheries.noaa.gov/inport/item/66137

Data availability: Yes

Data categories: Physical oceanography

Data type: spatial

3.6.3 Project description

A compilation of ocean water quality (temperature, salinity, and dissolved oxygen) data at ¼ degree spatial resolution for the entire United States Exclusive Economic Zone. The dataset is derived from the ESRI Ecological Marine Unit (EMU) dataset, which was assembled from non-supervised statistical clustering of over 52 million points from NOAA’s World Ocean Atlas (2013) WoA database, an authoritative 57 year archive of global water column data. This derived dataset is divided into three separate point shapefiles, each representing either temperature (degrees Celsius), salinity (practical salinity units), or dissolved oxygen (mg/L). Values represent a climatological average. Each shapefile is formatted such that a single point location (i.e., unique associated latitude and longitude) contains a unique column entry for a given depth interval. Depth intervals are variable from 5 m near the surface to 100 m in the deeper regions (> 2000 m) for a total of 102 depth levels. All disclaimers provided by the original dataset authors apply to this derived dataset. For detail on these disclaimers, please refer to the following reference: Sayre, R., J. Dangermond, D. Wright, S. Breyer, K. Butler, K. Van Graafeiland, M.J. Costello, P. Harris, K. Goodin, M. Kavanaugh, N. Cressie, J. Guinotte, Z. Basher, P. Halpin, M. Monaco, P. Aniello, C. Frye, D. Stephens, P. Valentine, J. Smith, R. Smith, D.P. VanSistine, J. Cress, H. Warner, C. Brown, J. Steffenson, D. Cribbs, B. Van Esch, D. Hopkins, G. Noll, S. Kopp, and C. Convis. 2017. A New Map of Global Ecological Marine Units – An Environmental Stratification Approach. Washington, DC: American Association of Geographers. 36 pages.

3.7 EMU_WaterTemperature

3.7.1 Project information

Lead entity: NOAA

Partner entities: NA

PI name: NOAA OCM

PI contact information:

Data start year: 2021

Data end year: 2024

Spatial scale: USA

3.7.3 Project description

A compilation of ocean water quality (temperature, salinity, and dissolved oxygen) data at ¼ degree spatial resolution for the entire United States Exclusive Economic Zone. The dataset is derived from the ESRI Ecological Marine Unit (EMU) dataset, which was assembled from non-supervised statistical clustering of over 52 million points from NOAA’s World Ocean Atlas (2013) WoA database, an authoritative 57 year archive of global water column data. This derived dataset is divided into three separate point shapefiles, each representing either temperature (degrees Celsius), salinity (practical salinity units), or dissolved oxygen (mg/L). Values represent a climatological average. Each shapefile is formatted such that a single point location (i.e., unique associated latitude and longitude) contains a unique column entry for a given depth interval. Depth intervals are variable from 5 m near the surface to 100 m in the deeper regions (> 2000 m) for a total of 102 depth levels. All disclaimers provided by the original dataset authors apply to this derived dataset. For detail on these disclaimers, please refer to the following reference: Sayre, R., J. Dangermond, D. Wright, S. Breyer, K. Butler, K. Van Graafeiland, M.J. Costello, P. Harris, K. Goodin, M. Kavanaugh, N. Cressie, J. Guinotte, Z. Basher, P. Halpin, M. Monaco, P. Aniello, C. Frye, D. Stephens, P. Valentine, J. Smith, R. Smith, D.P. VanSistine, J. Cress, H. Warner, C. Brown, J. Steffenson, D. Cribbs, B. Van Esch, D. Hopkins, G. Noll, S. Kopp, and C. Convis. 2017. A New Map of Global Ecological Marine Units – An Environmental Stratification Approach. Washington, DC: American Association of Geographers. 36 pages.

3.8 HF-Radar Network Real-Time Surface Currents

3.8.1 Project information

Lead entity: HF-Radar Network (HFRNet)

Partner entities: Scripps Institution of Oceanography, IOOS

PI name: NOAA NCEI

PI contact information:

Data start year: 2006

Data end year: Present

Spatial scale: Northwest Atlantic

3.8.2 Data information

Project link: https://cordc.ucsd.edu/projects/hfrnet/#

Data link: https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/access/metadata/landing-page/bin/iso?id=gov.noaa.nodc:IOOS-HFRadarRadial

Metadata link: NA

Data availability: Yes

Data categories: Physical oceanography

Data type: spatial

3.8.3 Project description

This dataset contains surface ocean radial velocities data obtained by HF-radar from stations located along coastal waters of the United States. Radial velocity files contain metadata in a key-value format, while the measured velocities and associated ancillary data are reported in a tab-delimited format. The National Data Buoy Center (NDBC) — in collaboration with the Scripps Institution of Oceanography through June 2025 and thereafter with NOAA’s National Environmental Satellite, Data, and Information Service (NESDIS) — assembles the data from the Integrated Ocean Observing System (IOOS) Surface Currents Program’s High-Frequency (HF) Radar National Network and submits the data on a monthly basis to NOAA’s National Centers for Environmental Information (NCEI).

3.9 It’s about time: A synthesis of changing phenology in the Gulf of Maine Ecosystem.

3.9.1 Project information

Lead entity: USGS

Partner entities: GMRI; Bigelow Laboratory for Ocean Sciences; Center for Coastal Studies; University of New Brunswick; NMFS - NEFSC; Stoney Brook University; WHOI; Fisheries and Oceans Canada; VIMS; University of Massachusetts Amherst; US EPA New England; NeAq; Connecticut Ornithological Association; University of Maine

PI name: Staudinger, M.D., K. Mills, K. Stamieszkin, N. Record, C. Hudak, A. Allyn., A. Diamond, K. Friedland, W. Golet, M. Henderson, C. Hernandez, T. Huntington, R. Ji., C. Johnson, D. Johnson, A. Jordaan, J. Kocik, Y. Li, M. Liebman, O. Nichols, D. Pendleton, A. Richards, T. Robben, A. Thomas, H. Walsh, K. Yakola.

PI contact information:

Data start year: Unknown

Data end year: 2019

Spatial scale: Gulf of Maine

3.9.2 Data information

Project link: https://doi.org/10.1111/fog.12429

Data link: NA

Metadata link: NA

Data availability: No

Data categories: Plankton, Physical oceanography, Habitat

Data type: “research project, synthesis, or technology development”

3.9.3 Project description

This study considers the Gulf of Maine ecosystem, a region of high social and ecological importance in the Northwest Atlantic Ocean and synthesizes current knowledge of (a) key seasonal processes, patterns, and events; (b) direct evidence for shifts in timing; (c) implications of phenological responses for linked ecological-human systems; and (d) potential phenology-focused adaptation strategies and actions.

3.10 LightAttenuation_Kd490

3.10.1 Project information

Lead entity: NOAA

Partner entities: NA

PI name: NOAA OCM

PI contact information:

Data start year: 2010

Data end year: 2017

Spatial scale: USA

3.10.3 Project description

Feature layer (polygons) of annual mean summaries for Kd490 (the diffuse attenuation coefficient at 490 nm, indicator of turbidity, represents the rate at which light at 490 nm is attenuated with depth)

3.11 LightAttenuation_KdPAR

3.11.1 Project information

Lead entity: NOAA

Partner entities: NA

PI name: NOAA OCM

PI contact information:

Data start year: 2000

Data end year: 2018

Spatial scale: USA

3.11.3 Project description

Feature layer (polygons) of annual averages of percentage light reaching at 1 m depth relative to surface light (Wave band is 400-700 nm or Photosynthetic Active Radiation (PAR))

3.12 MaineDMR Boothbay Harbor Sea Surface Temperatures

3.12.1 Project information

Lead entity: ME DMR

Partner entities: NA

PI name: DeVoe, William

PI contact information:

Data start year: 1905

Data end year: 2023

Spatial scale: Gulf of Maine

3.12.2 Data information

Project link: https://dmr-maine.opendata.arcgis.com/datasets/5fd6f3e57d794a409d72f47d78f15a32_0/explore

Data link: https://services1.arcgis.com/RbMX0mRVOFNTdLzd/arcgis/rest/services/MaineDMR_Boothbay_Harbor_Sea_Surface_Temperatures/FeatureServer/0

Metadata link: https://dmr-maine.opendata.arcgis.com/datasets/maine::mainedmr-boothbay-harbor-sea-surface-temperatures/about

Data availability: Yes

Data categories: Physical oceanography

Data type: spatial

3.12.3 Project description

The Boothbay Harbor (BBH) Sea Water Temperature Record, extending over more than a century, constitutes one of the longest running, continuous series of sea temperature observations for any point on the North American Atlantic Coast. Observations began in March 1905 and have continued, with minimal interruption, to the present day. Currently, observations of air temperature, barometric pressure, sea surface temperature, relative humidity, wind speed and wind direction are recorded at daily intervals. Sea surface temperature data can be downloaded on the DMR Open Data site.

3.13 Cooperative Gulf of Maine Bottom Longline Survey

3.13.1 Project information

Lead entity: NOAA NEFSC

Partner entities: Various (GARFO, Anderson Cabot Center, UMass (Boston). University of Maine Orono, University of Florida

PI name: Dave Mcelroy

PI contact information:

Data start year: 2014

Data end year: Present

Spatial scale: Gulf of Maine

3.13.2 Data information

Project link: https://www.fisheries.noaa.gov/new-england-mid-atlantic/science-data/gulf-maine-bottom-longline-survey

Data link: http://catalog.data.gov/dataset/gulf-of-maine-cooperative-bottom-longline-survey-database1

Metadata link: https://www.fisheries.noaa.gov/inport/item/27731

Data availability: “Yes, by request”

Data categories: Groundfish, Physical oceanography

Data type: spatial

3.13.3 Project description

The Cooperative Gulf of Maine Bottom Longline Survey is conducted in the western and central Gulf of Maine and targets rocky habitats. It runs annually in the spring (April to May) and again in the late fall (October to November). To ensure that our survey data complements data collected during our bottom trawl surveys, we sample in the same areas in that part of the Gulf and use the same methods for selecting sampling stations within each area. We sample at 38 rough-bottom stations and seven smooth-bottom stations each season. This results in station density comparable to that of our bottom trawl surveys, but weighted to sample more stations in structured habitat. The survey is operated from collaborating commercial fishing vessels, and deploys 1 nm sets of traditional ‘tub trawl’ bottom longline groundfish gear (1000 hooks).

3.14 NERACOOS Mariner’s Dashboard - Daily Climatology

3.14.1 Project information

Lead entity: NERACOOS

Partner entities: NA

PI name: Bland, K & Motya, J

PI contact information: , ,

Data start year: 2001

Data end year: Present

Spatial scale: Northwest Atlantic

3.14.2 Data information

Project link: https://p5.neracoos.org/products/clim_test/drupal_clim.html

Data link: NA

Metadata link: NA

Data availability: Yes

Data categories: Physical oceanography

Data type: spatial

3.14.3 Project description

Unknown

3.15 NERACOOS Mariner’s Dashboard - Latest Conditions

3.15.1 Project information

Lead entity: NERACOOS

Partner entities: NA

PI name: Bland, K & Motya, J

PI contact information: ,

Data start year: multiple

Data end year: Present

Spatial scale: Northwest Atlantic

3.15.2 Data information

Project link: https://mariners.neracoos.org/platform/CDIP221

Data link: NA

Metadata link: NA

Data availability: Yes

Data categories: Physical oceanography

Data type: spatial

3.15.3 Project description

Unknown

3.16 OceanObservingSites

3.16.1 Project information

Lead entity: NOAA

Partner entities: NA

PI name: NOAA OCM

PI contact information:

Data start year: 2022

Data end year: 2024

Spatial scale: USA

3.16.2 Data information

Project link: https://coast.noaa.gov/arcgis/rest/services/OceanReports/OceanObservingSites/MapServer

Data link: https://coast.noaa.gov/arcgis/rest/services/OceanReports/OceanObservingSites/MapServer/0

Metadata link: https://www.fisheries.noaa.gov/inport/item/67000

Data availability: Yes

Data categories: Physical oceanography

Data type: spatial

3.16.3 Project description

Feature layer (points) the location of ocean observing assets within U.S. waters, and the physical parameters generally collected at each platform or gauge

3.17 Oceanographic monitoring

3.17.1 Project information

Lead entity: UMaine, WHOI

Partner entities: NA

PI name: Gerbi, Greg (UMaine) with Anthony Kirincich (WHOI), Neal Pettigrew (UMaine)

PI contact information:

Data start year: 2023

Data end year: Present

Spatial scale: Gulf of Maine

3.17.2 Data information

Project link: https://umaine.edu/marine/people/greg-gerbi-ph-d/

Data link: NA

Metadata link: NA

Data availability: No

Data categories: Physical oceanography

Data type: spatial

3.17.3 Project description

Newly funded research project by Dr. Greg Gerbi. Surface currents and water propertiesTrying to see what instruments can be added to other surveys without interfering with those surveysBuilding a shore-based radar array to complement an existing array in Mass BayOne is install at the momentSecond to be installed this fallOnly measures sea surface - does not detect subsurface currentsHoping to deploy a bimonthly glider survey upstream of the array and surrounding the arrayAugmented zooplankton surveys - maybe on glider or offshore vessel

3.18 Ocean Observing Buoys and Stations

3.18.1 Project information

Lead entity: Northeast Ocean Data

Partner entities: NERACOOS

PI name: Unknown

PI contact information: Unknown

Data start year: Unknown

Data end year: 2017

Spatial scale: Northwest Atlantic

3.18.2 Data information

Project link: https://services.northeastoceandata.org/arcgis1/rest/services/PhysicalOceanography/MapServer/0

Data link: NA

Metadata link: NA

Data availability: Yes

Data categories: Physical oceanography

Data type: spatial

3.18.3 Project description

This map layer shows the locations of buoys and monitoring stations of the Northeastern Regional Association of Coastal Ocean Observing Systems (NERACOOS).

3.19 Annual Mean Offshore Wind Speed m/s

3.19.1 Project information

Lead entity: National Renewable Energy Laboratory

Partner entities: NA

PI name: Marc Schwartz

PI contact information: Unknown

Data start year: Unknown

Data end year: 2010

Spatial scale: Northwest Atlantic

3.19.2 Data information

Project link: https://services.northeastoceandata.org/arcgis1/rest/services/PhysicalOceanography/MapServer/1

Data link: NA

Metadata link: https://docs.nrel.gov/docs/fy10osti/45889.pdf

Data availability: Yes

Data categories: Physical oceanography

Data type: spatial

3.19.3 Project description

This map layer shows model estimates of offshore wind speeds at height of 90 m above the ocean surface.

3.20 Contours - Mean Annual offshore wind speed (m/s)

3.20.1 Project information

Lead entity: Northeast Ocean Data

Partner entities: NA

PI name: National Renewable Energy Laboratory. Draxl, C.

PI contact information: Unknown

Data start year: 2007

Data end year: 2013

Spatial scale: Northwest Atlantic

3.20.2 Data information

Project link: https://services.northeastoceandata.org/arcgis1/rest/services/PhysicalOceanography/MapServer/5

Data link: NA

Metadata link: NA

Data availability: Yes

Data categories: Physical oceanography

Data type: spatial

3.20.3 Project description

This layer represents mean annual offshore wind speed, contoured at 0.5 m/s intervals. The data are derived from the Wind Integration National Dataset (WIND) Toolkit, a state-of-the-art national wind resource data set covering the contiguous United States from 2007 to 2013 for use in a variety of next-generation wind integration analyses and wind power planning. This layer shows 2km gridded wind speeds 100m above ground level/sea surface clipped to the Northeast and Mid-Atlantic regions. For more information visit the Wind Integration National Dataset Toolkit.

3.21 Federal Ocean Observing Buoys and Stations

3.21.1 Project information

Lead entity: Northeast Ocean Data

Partner entities: NA

PI name: Northeast Regional Ocean Council

PI contact information:

Data start year: 2017

Data end year: 2017

Spatial scale: Northwest Atlantic

3.21.2 Data information

Project link: https://services.northeastoceandata.org/arcgis1/rest/services/PhysicalOceanography/MapServer/26

Data link: NA

Metadata link: NA

Data availability: Yes

Data categories: Physical oceanography

Data type: spatial

3.21.3 Project description

Unknown

3.22 Sea Surface Height - Annual Mean

3.22.1 Project information

Lead entity: NASA Jet Propulsion Laboratory

Partner entities: NA

PI name: NOAA OCM

PI contact information:

Data start year: 1992

Data end year: 2016

Spatial scale: USA

3.22.3 Project description

Monthly and annual summary of global sea surface height anomalies above mean sea surface, averaged from raw data. Raw data available from Oct. 2, 1992 to May 14, 2016, at 5 day intervals, with a spatial resolution of 0.17 degrees (Latitude) x 0.17 degrees (Longitude). Dataset contains the fully corrected heights, in meters.

3.23 Significant Wave Height and Direction

3.23.1 Project information

Lead entity: NOAA

Partner entities: NA

PI name: NOAA OCM

PI contact information:

Data start year: 1980

Data end year: 2009

Spatial scale: USA

3.23.3 Project description

Significant wave height is a spectrally derived time-series, which is the average of the highest third of the waves in a random seaway and roughly corresponds to the mean wave height. Values are in meters. Data represent monthly summaries for the time period from January 1980 to December 2009 and include the parameters; significant wave height (ssh), wave energy period (wep), and wave hindcast direction (dfp).

3.24 State of the Ecosystem {ecodata} R package

3.24.1 Project information

Lead entity: NOAA NEFSC

Partner entities: NA

PI name: Brandon Beltz

PI contact information:

Data start year: 2017

Data end year: 2025

Spatial scale: Northwest Atlantic

3.24.2 Data information

Project link: https://github.com/NOAA-EDAB/ecodata

Data link: NA

Metadata link: NA

Data availability: Yes

Data categories: Acoustic, Chemical oceanography, Physical oceanography, Marine mammals, Plankton, Pelagic fishes, Coastal fishes, Elasmobranchs, Diadromous fish

Data type: “research project, synthesis, or technology development”

3.24.3 Project description

ecodata is an R data package developed by the Ecosystems Dynamics and Assessment Branch of the Northeast Fisheries Science Center for use in State of the Ecosystem (SOE) reporting.

3.25 State of the Ecosystem Catalog

3.25.1 Project information

Lead entity: NOAA NEFSC

Partner entities: NA

PI name: Brandon Beltz

PI contact information:

Data start year: 2017

Data end year: 2025

Spatial scale: Northwest Atlantic

3.25.2 Data information

Project link: https://github.com/NOAA-EDAB/catalog

Data link: NA

Metadata link: NA

Data availability: Yes

Data categories: Acoustic, Chemical oceanography, Physical oceanography, Marine mammals, Plankton, Pelagic fishes, Coastal fishes, Elasmobranchs, Diadromous fish

Data type: “research project, synthesis, or technology development”

3.25.3 Project description

Catalog of indicators used in the State of the Ecosystem reports and other ecosystem assessment products.

3.26 Wind Speed and Direction

3.26.1 Project information

Lead entity: NOAA

Partner entities: NA

PI name: NOAA OCM

PI contact information:

Data start year: 1979

Data end year: 2010

Spatial scale: USA

3.26.3 Project description

These data represent the average monthly wind speed and direction at the surface of the ocean. Source data includes values from January 1, 1979, to December 31, 2010, at hourly temporal resolution, with a spatial resolution of 0.313 degrees latitude x 0.312 degrees longitude. Values for wind speed are in meters per second and wind direction in degrees from True North.

3.27 ME Research Array - Oceanographic Monitoring

3.27.1 Project information

Lead entity: Maine DMR

Partner entities: University of Maine, Woods Hole Oceanographic Institute

PI name: Casey Yanos

PI contact information:

Data start year: 2022

Data end year: Unknown

Spatial scale: Project

3.27.2 Data information

Project link: https://www.maine.gov/dmr/science/wind-research

Data link: NA

Metadata link: NA

Data availability: No

Data categories: Physical oceanography

Data type: spatial

3.27.3 Project description

To monitor oceanographic processes and ocean conditions prior to construction

[1] “This data was sourced from: FishForwrd_2025-04-24”

3.28 Accoustic and Environmental Observation Network - AEON

3.28.1 Project information

Lead entity: University of New Hampshire

Partner entities: JASCO

PI name: Jennifer L. Miksis-Olds

PI contact information:

Data start year: 2021

Data end year: Unknown

Spatial scale: Project

3.28.2 Data information

Project link: https://eos.unh.edu/aeon

Data link: NA

Metadata link: NA

Data availability: Yes

Data categories: Acoustic, Physical oceanography, Plankton

Data type: spatial

3.28.3 Project description

The role of AEON’s passive acoustic monitoring is to provide long-term observations of human and biological activity as well as changes in environmental conditions in support of all four AEON Objectives. The network provides simultaneous, long-term monitoring of soundscapes and multiple acoustically relevant parameters such as marine mammal behavior and prey concentration at key locations where the effects of changes in the Labrador and Gulf Stream currents are projected to impact the Gulf of Maine. At each network site, AEON employs the latest generation of JASCO’s AMAR recorder mounted on an Autonomous Long-Term Observatory (ALTO) lander with ancillary sensors. In addition to the lander recovery and re-deploy, on each deployment effort the team collects CTD profiles to characterize hydrographic conditions at the sites, conducts net sampling to collect biological specimens at each site, and conducts fine-scale (roughly 5n.mi by 5 n.mi) multi-frequency acoustic surveys at each site

[1] “This data was sourced from: RWSC_early-2025”

3.29 Coastal Data Information Program (CDIP)

3.29.1 Project information

Lead entity: Scripps Institution of Oceanography

Partner entities: USACE, NOAA, CA-DPR

PI name: Unknown

PI contact information:

Data start year: 1975

Data end year: Present

Spatial scale: USA

3.29.2 Data information

Project link: https://cdip.ucsd.edu/m/

Data link: NA

Metadata link: NA

Data availability: Yes

Data categories: Physical oceanography

Data type: spatial

3.29.3 Project description

The Coastal Data Information Program (CDIP) is an extensive network for monitoring waves and beaches along the coastlines of the United States. Since its inception in 1975, the program has produced a vast database of publicly-accessible environmental data for use by coastal engineers and planners, scientists, mariners, and marine enthusiasts. The program has also remained at the forefront of coastal monitoring, developing numerous innovations in instrumentation, system control and management, computer hardware and software, field equipment, and installation techniques. Wave data (height, period, direction), Current speed and direction, SST, air temp

[1] “This data was sourced from: RWSC_early-2025”

3.30 Coupled Northwest Atlantic Prediction System (CNAPS)

3.30.1 Project information

Lead entity: North Carolina State University

Partner entities: SECOORA, NASA, NOAA, USGS, ONR, Sea Grant North Carolina, BOEM, DOE, Gulf of Mexico Research Initiative, UNC Coastal Studies Institute

PI name: Ruoying He

PI contact information:

Data start year: 2016

Data end year: Present

Spatial scale: Northwest Atlantic

3.30.2 Data information

Project link: http://omgsrv1.meas.ncsu.edu:8080/CNAPS/trajectory.jsp

Data link: NA

Metadata link: NA

Data availability: Yes

Data categories: Physical oceanography

Data type: spatial

3.30.3 Project description

The Coupled Northwest Atlantic Prediction System (CNAPS) is a three-dimensional marine environment nowcast and forecast model developed by the Ocean Observing and Modeling Group. This fully coupled ocean circulation, wave, and atmosphere modeling system predicts conditions over a wide area of the coastal northwest Atlantic Ocean on a daily basis. The model domain covers from the eastern edge of Nova Scotia to the north coast of Venezuela, including the Gulf of Maine, Middle Atlantic Bight, South Atlantic Bight, Gulf of Mexico, Caribbean Sea, and western Sargasso Sea. http://oomg.meas.ncsu.edu/index.php/home/cnaps/

[1] “This data was sourced from: RWSC_early-2025”

3.31 Ecosystem Monitoring on the Continental Shelf (EcoMon)

3.31.1 Project information

Lead entity: NOAA NEFSC

Partner entities: NA

PI name: Jonathan Hare

PI contact information:

Data start year: 1977

Data end year: 2050

Spatial scale: Northwest Atlantic

3.31.2 Data information

Project link: https://www.fisheries.noaa.gov/resource/data/ecosystem-monitoring-northeast-us-continental-shelf-plankton-dataset

Data link: https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/access/metadata/landing-page/bin/iso?id=gov.noaa.nodc:0187513

Metadata link: NA

Data availability: Yes

Data categories: Physical oceanography, Plankton, Sea turtles

Data type: spatial

3.31.3 Project description

Plankton nets, pulled through the water down to 650 feet, collect small marine animals such as fish larvae, crab larvae, copepods, and small jellyfish. Special equipment collects information on nutrients, acidity, temperature, salinity, and other parts of the marine environment. Dedicated observers count and photograph marine mammals, turtles, and seabirds seen along the cruise tracks to better understand their migrations and how they find food and habitat on their journeys. EcoMon surveys are conducted at 120 randomly selected stations and 35 fixed stations throughout the continental shelf and slope of the northeastern U.S., from Cape Hatteras, N.C., to Cape Sable, Nova Scotia, and cover all of Georges Bank and the Gulf of Maine. Precursor surveys to EcoMon include: - Marine Resources Monitoring, Assessment, and Prediction program (MARMAP; 1977– 1987) - Herring – Sandlance (1988–1994) - Georges Bank Global Ocean Ecosystems Dynamics (GLOBEC; 1995–1999) Data are stored at NCEI and are publicly accessible: https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/access/metadata/landing-page/bin/iso?id=gov.noaa.nodc:0187513

[1] “This data was sourced from: RWSC_early-2025”

3.32 Environmental Monitors on Lobster Traps and Large Trawlers (eMOLT)

3.32.1 Project information

Lead entity: NOAA NEFSC

Partner entities: Local fishers, Gulf of Maine Lobster Foundation, Nova Scotia Fishermen Scientists Research Society, Commercial Fisheries Research Foundation

PI name: George Maynard

PI contact information:

Data start year: 2001

Data end year: Present

Spatial scale: Northwest Atlantic

3.32.2 Data information

Project link: https://www.emolt.org/

Data link: https://erddap.emolt.net/erddap/tabledap/eMOLT_RT_QAQC.html

Metadata link: NA

Data availability: Yes

Data categories: Acoustic, Chemical oceanography, Physical oceanography

Data type: spatial

3.32.3 Project description

Beginning in 2001, hundreds of commercial fishing vessels on the Northeast Shelf have had oceanographic sensors installed on their fixed and mobile gear. Some have experimented with pressure sensors, acoustic listening devices, cameras, satellite-tracked drifters, current meters, and salinity monitors but the primary focus has been monitoring temperature. While some gear are fitted with internally-recording devices that have returned more than two decades of hourly data from fixed locations, most of the vessels are now fitted with a satellite transmitter and, most recently, with cell phones so that tens of thousands of hauls have been reported in realtime since 2015. The original focus was on bottom temperature but, beginning in 2020, most vessels are now equipped with water column profilers to document the vertical stratification of temperature and several are collecting records of dissolved oxygen.

[1] “This data was sourced from: RWSC_early-2025”

3.33 Gulf of Maine high frequency radar network

3.33.1 Project information

Lead entity: NERACOOS

Partner entities: U.S. IOOS, MARACOOS, WHOI, Rutgers University, UConn, UMaine, Maine Department of Marine Resources

PI name: Unknown

PI contact information: Unknown

Data start year: 2007

Data end year: Present

Spatial scale: Gulf of Maine

3.33.2 Data information

Project link: http://p5.neracoos.org/projects/surfacecurrents.html

Data link: NA

Metadata link: NA

Data availability: Yes

Data categories: Physical oceanography

Data type: spatial

3.33.3 Project description

To measure surface currents in the Gulf of Maine, The University of Maine maintained existing CODAR (high frequency radar) stations at three sites: - Southwest Nova Scotia, between NERACOOS GOM buoys I and F - Southern Maine, between NERACOOS GOM buoys B and C - In addition, UMaine brought online a new CODAR station at Grand Manan Island, north of GoMOOS buoy I. Increased CODAR coverage in the Gulf of Maine allows scientists to understand the flow the Eastern Maine Coastal Current (EMCC). Expansion of the radar array to Grand Manan will allow good coverage of the EMCC and the extent to which it either veers offshore or flows through to the Western Maine Coastal Current (WMCC) throughout the year. This issue is of particular importance during the spring-summer HAB season, because the core of the EMCC is characteristically laden with Alexandrium fundyense, while the WMCC is not, so that the pathways of the EMCC are of vital importance from the PSP point of view. Understanding these surface currents is also critical for applications such as search and rescue, prediction of pollutant transport, and determining the delivery of larvae of commercially important species, including lobster and scallops, to the western Gulf.

[1] “This data was sourced from: RWSC_early-2025”

3.34 Gulf of Maine North Atlantic Time Series (GNATS)

3.34.1 Project information

Lead entity: Bigelow Laboratory for Ocean Sciences

Partner entities: NASA

PI name: William Balch

PI contact information:

Data start year: 2001

Data end year: 2020

Spatial scale: Gulf of Maine

3.34.2 Data information

Project link: https://seabass.gsfc.nasa.gov/experiment/GNATS

Data link: NA

Metadata link: NA

Data availability: Yes

Data categories: Physical oceanography, Chemical oceanography, Plankton

Data type: spatial

3.34.3 Project description

The Gulf of Maine (GoM) is a highly productive shelf sea that constitutes a large part of the N.E. US Continental Shelf. We have run a time series across the GoM for the last 8 years known as GNATS (Gulf of Maine North Atlantic Time Series). It consists of monthly, cross-Gulf sampling on ships of opportunity, during clear-sky days, so that we are assured concurrent measurements from ship and satellite (ocean color, SST). The power of this strategy is seen in our 95% success rate for being at sea during clear, high quality overpasses (randomly, one would expect a success rate of ~10% due to the GoM cloud climatology). We then can extrapolate our large shipboard data set of carbon cycle parameters to regional scales using synoptic remote sensing. GNATS includes a suite of carbon-specific standing stocks and rate measurements (e.g. POC, PIC [calcite], DOC, primary productivity, and calcification) plus hydrographic, chemical and optical measurements. Through coordinated ship/satellite measurements, we can constrain the major carbon production terms of the Gulf, follow their monthly variation using synoptic remote sensing, and regionally tune satellite algorithms. GNATS documents not only marine carbon pools, but it includes carbon supplied from the terrestrial watershed; this is why the Gulf is optically-dominated by Case II waters. We propose to A) continue GNATS, coordinated ship and satellite measurements for another 3 years, B) provide monthly, regional estimates of the standing stock and production terms for the various particulate and dissolved carbon fractions based on satellite ocean color observations and C) perform a statistical comparison of photoadaptive parameters in the Mid-Atlantic Bight and GoM to examine how broadly we can extrapolate these results along the NE U.S. Continental Shelf. Deliverables of this work will be: ship-based quantification of the various components of the carbon cycle in the GoM (standing stocks of POC, PIC, DOC plus primary production/calcification rates), an improved DOC algorithm, tuning of satellite carbon algorithms for the NE Continental Shelf, and documentation of the long- term biogeochemical and ecological changes occurring in the GoM carbon cycle. Quantification of the variability in the composition and concentration of dissolved and particulate carbon over a wide range of temporal and spatial scales is the first step towards understanding the role of coastal ecosystems in the global carbon cycle.

[1] “This data was sourced from: RWSC_early-2025”

3.35 NERACOOS Ocean Observing

3.35.1 Project information

Lead entity: NERACOOS

Partner entities: USGS, University of Maine, University of New Hampshire, University of Rhode Island, IOOS, University of Connecticut, NDBC, NERRS

PI name: Unknown

PI contact information:

Data start year: 2001

Data end year: Present

Spatial scale: Northwest Atlantic

3.35.2 Data information

Project link: http://neracoos.org/what-we-do/

Data link: https://www.neracoos.org/erddap/index.html

Metadata link: NA

Data availability: Yes

Data categories: Physical oceanography, Chemical oceanography

Data type: spatial

3.35.3 Project description

both real-time and historical, on wave height, wind speed, water temperature, visibility, saltiness of the water, current speed, location and abundance of animals, and more.’ Deliver (at least) 21,509 observations every day from buoys operated by UMaine, UConn, URI, UNH, NDBC and NERRS. That’s 7,850,785 observations each year Buoys, Gliders, Radar, Coastal monitoring stations, tide stations

[1] “This data was sourced from: RWSC_early-2025”

3.36 North Atlantic right whale and humpback whale population and prey monitoring

3.36.1 Project information

Lead entity: Center for Coastal Studies

Partner entities: NARWC

PI name: Stormy Mayo

PI contact information:

Data start year: 1999

Data end year: 2050

Spatial scale: Gulf of Maine

3.36.2 Data information

Project link: https://coastalstudies.org/right-whale-research/

Data link: NA

Metadata link: NA

Data availability: No

Data categories: Marine mammals, Physical oceanography

Data type: spatial

3.36.3 Project description

20 years of aerial surveys and prey time series data (NARW and humpbacks). Developing a probability of occurence index at varying zooplankton densities. Oceanographic information (depth, salinity, ambient light and temperature)

[1] “This data was sourced from: RWSC_early-2025”

3.37 NorthEast Area Monitoring and Assessment Program (NEAMAP)

3.37.1 Project information

Lead entity: Atlantic States Marine Fisheries Commission

Partner entities: Maine Department of Marine Resources, Massachusetts Division of Marine Fisheries, Virginia Institute of Marine Science, the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, NOAA NEFSC, NE Fishery Management Council, Mid-Atlantic Fishery Management Council, FWS, Potomac River Fisheries Commission

PI name: Sarah Murray

PI contact information:

Data start year: 2006

Data end year: Present

Spatial scale: Northwest Atlantic

3.37.2 Data information

Project link: http://neamap.net

Data link: NA

Metadata link: NA

Data availability: No

Data categories: Physical oceanography, Groundfish, Coastal fishes, Diadromous fish, Acoustic

Data type: spatial

3.37.3 Project description

NEAMAP (Northeast Area Monitoring and Assessment Program) is a collaborative state-federal initiative dedicated to the collection, analysis, and dissemination of fishery-independent data along the Atlantic coast, from the Gulf of Maine to Cape Hatteras, NC. Our data collection efforts support stock assessments and fisheries management while enhancing our understanding of the marine ecosystem. The fishery-independent data we gather are invaluable resources for government agencies, recreational and commercial fisheries, researchers, and various stakeholders. Our program aims to coordinate existing fishery-independent surveys to optimize activities, promote comprehensive and consistent data collection, and maximize the utility of survey findings.

[1] “This data was sourced from: RWSC_early-2025”

3.38 Northeast Coastal Ocean Forecast System (NECOFS)

3.38.1 Project information

Lead entity: UMass-SMAST

Partner entities: NERACOOS, IOOS, University of New Hampshire, WHOI, Gulf of Maine Research Institute

PI name: J. Ruairidh Morrison

PI contact information:

Data start year: 2007

Data end year: Unknown

Spatial scale: Northwest Atlantic

3.38.2 Data information

Project link: https://comt.ioos.us/projects/necofs_transition

Data link: NA

Metadata link: NA

Data availability: No

Data categories: Physical oceanography

Data type: spatial

3.38.3 Project description

Forecasts and hindcasts of ocean currents, waves, and other variables; based on FVCOM model and regional observing assets The Northeast Coastal Ocean Forecast System (NECOFS) is an integrated atmosphere-ocean model system in which the ocean model domain covers the northeast US coastal region (New England Shelf, Georges Bank, Gulf of Maine, and Scotian Shelf) with a horizontal resolution of 10-15 km in the open ocean, 1-5 km on the shelf, and down to 20 m in estuaries, inner bays, inlets and harbors. The core system presently includes: 1) the Weather Research and Forecasting (WRF) model modified to incorporate the COARE 2.6 air-sea flux algorithm; 2) the unstructured-grid Finite-Volume Coastal Ocean Model (FVCOM) configured for this region (FVCOM-GOM3) with a nested higher resolution FVCOM grid configured for Massachusetts coastal waters (MASS Coastal FVCOM); and 3) an unstructured-grid surface wave model (FVCOM- SWAVE). NECOFS produces 3-day forecast fields of surface weather, wind stress, heat flux, surface waves, 3-D ocean velocity, temperature, and salinity; with daily updating using hindcast data assimilated fields whenever field data are available. The hourly forecast fields are made available via a THREDDS Data Server, which provides an OPeNDAP service for efficient data extraction by scientists, state and federal agencies, and application developers. The server also has a service for simple downloading of the original NetCDF output files. The unstructured-grid FVCOM-GOM3 and FVCOM-SWAVE forecast fields are also converted into uniform structured-grid NetCDF files to facilitate use by the NWS, USCG, and other users with software designed to handle regularly gridded data solely. NECOFS has been developed as part of the IOOS-funded Northeast Regional Association of Coastal Ocean Observing Systems (NERACOOS).

[1] “This data was sourced from: RWSC_early-2025”

3.39 Ocean Tracking Network Halifax Line

3.39.1 Project information

Lead entity: Ocean Tracking Network

Partner entities: Fisheries and Oceans Canada

PI name: Dave Hebert

PI contact information:

Data start year: 2008

Data end year: Present

Spatial scale: Northwest Atlantic

3.39.2 Data information

Project link: https://members.oceantrack.org/project?ccode=HFX

Data link: NA

Metadata link: NA

Data availability: Yes

Data categories: Acoustic, Physical oceanography

Data type: spatial

3.39.3 Project description

The Atlantic Ocean off of Halifax, Nova Scotia is home to a great variety of marine species, both resident and migratory. Since 2008, the Ocean Tracking Network, with the support of DFO, has maintained an acoustic receiver curtain to track movements of a variety of acoustically tagged species moving laterally along the East Coast continental shelf, as well as year round and seasonal residents in the Halifax Region. The OTN Halifax line spans the entire width of the continental shelf off Halifax and consists of hydrophone moorings at 800 m spacing over a total length of almost 205 km. This makes it the largest single fixed oceanographic monitoring system in the world. The line meanders to avoid areas of intense trawling activity such as the Emerald Basin. In addition to acoustic receivers, several of these moorings contain benthic pods: instrumented packages that provide time series of bottom pressure (sea level height), temperature and salinity. This massive undertaking took four years to fully deploy. Data stored on receivers or benthic pods are retrieved via autonomous vehicles (gliders), as well as manned vessels. Marine species tagged in over 20 OTN projects have been detected on this line to date. This array has bennefited many telemetry investigations (salmon, sturgeon, etc) within the U.S. and Canada. Co-PI: Fred Whoriskey -

[1] “This data was sourced from: RWSC_early-2025”

3.40 Ocean Colour Climate Change Initiative (OCCCI)

3.40.1 Project information

Lead entity: European Space Agency

Partner entities: Plymouth Marine Laboratory

PI name: Unknown

PI contact information:

Data start year: 1997

Data end year: Present

Spatial scale: Global

3.40.2 Data information

Project link: https://www.oceancolour.org/

Data link: https://www.oceancolour.org/browser/

Metadata link: NA

Data availability: Yes

Data categories: Physical oceanography, Plankton

Data type: spatial

3.40.3 Project description

The Ocean Colour Climate Change Initiative project aims to:Develop and validate algorithms to meet the Ocean Colour GCOS ECV requirements for consistent, stable, error-characterized global satellite data products from multi-sensor data archives.Produce and validate, within an R&D context, the most complete and consistent possible time series of multi-sensor global satellite data products for climate research and modelling.Optimize the impact of MERIS data on climate data records.Generate complete specifications for an operational production system.Strengthen inter-disciplinary cooperation between international Earth observation, climate research and modelling communities, in pursuit of scientific excellence.The ESA OC CCI project is following a data reprocessing paradigm of regular re-processings utilising on-going research and developments in atmospheric correction, in-water algorithms, data merging techniques and bias correction. This requires flexibility and rapid turn-around of processing of extensive ocean colour datasets from a number of ESA and NASA missions to both trial new algorithms and methods and undertake the complete data set production.

3.41 GlobColour

3.41.1 Project information

Lead entity: ACRI-ST

Partner entities: NA

PI name: Unknown

PI contact information: Unknown

Data start year: 1997

Data end year: Present

Spatial scale: Global

3.41.2 Data information

Project link: https://hermes.acri.fr/

Data link: https://hermes.acri.fr/index.php?class=archive

Metadata link: NA

Data availability: Yes

Data categories: Physical oceanography, Plankton

Data type: spatial

3.41.3 Project description

The GlobColour data set provides a large set of Ocean Colour products:Parameters: Chlorophyll concentration, Secchi Disk Depth, and many more…Time coverage: from 1997 to present (Near Real Time + consolidated products)Time resolution: daily, weekly and monthly productsSpatial Coverage and resolution: Global at 4, 25 and 100 km, Europe at 1 km, and user-defined extraction zonesSensors: single sensor and merged products from SeaWiFS, MERIS, MODIS, VIIRS NPP, OLCI-A, VIIRS JPSS-1 and OLCI-B (OLCI-A/B and VIIRS JPSS-1 are not merged with other sensors for all parameters for the moment) The OSS2015 demonstration products further increase the range of available parameters:Chlorophyll concentration: new Color Index Algorithm from Hu et al. (2012)New bio-chemical products: Particle Organic Carbon, Particle Size Distribution…Time coverage: monthly merged products from 1997 to 2014Spatial Coverage and resolution: Global products at 25 km resolution, with user-defined extraction zones

3.42 SOE Bottom temperature - in situ from NEFSC surveys

3.42.1 Project information

Lead entity: NOAA NEFSC

Partner entities: NA

PI name: Paula Fratantoni

PI contact information:

Data start year: 1997

Data end year: Present

Spatial scale: Northwest Atlantic

3.42.2 Data information

Project link: https://noaa-edab.github.io/catalog/bottom_temp_insitu.html

Data link: https://noaa-edab.github.io/ecodata/reference/bottom_temp_insitu.html

Metadata link: NA

Data availability: Yes

Data categories: Physical oceanography

Data type: spatial

3.42.3 Project description

The data presented here are time series of regional average bottom temperature anomalies from ship-based measurements made on the Northeast Continental Shelf.

3.43 GLORYS 12V1

3.43.1 Project information

Lead entity: Copernicus

Partner entities: NA

PI name: Unknown

PI contact information: https://marine.copernicus.eu/contact

Data start year: 1993

Data end year: Present

Spatial scale: Global

3.43.2 Data information

Project link: https://data.marine.copernicus.eu/product/GLOBAL_MULTIYEAR_PHY_001_030/description

Data link: https://data.marine.copernicus.eu/product/GLOBAL_MULTIYEAR_PHY_001_030/services

Metadata link: NA

Data availability: Yes

Data categories: Physical oceanography

Data type: spatial

3.43.3 Project description

The GLORYS12V1 product is the CMEMS global ocean eddy-resolving (1/12° horizontal resolution, 50 vertical levels) reanalysis covering the altimetry (1993 onward). Variables:Sea water potential temperature (T)Sea water potential temperature at sea floor (TOB)Sea water salinity (S)Sea surface height above geoid (SSH)Northward sea water velocity (UV)Eastward sea water velocity (UV)Ocean mixed layer thickness defined by sigma theta (MLD)Sea ice thickness (SIT)Eastward sea ice velocity (SIUV)Northward sea ice velocity (SIUV)Cell thicknessModel level number at sea floorSea binary maskSea floor depth below geoidSea ice area fraction

3.44 ROMS-NWA

3.44.1 Project information

Lead entity: NOAA PSL

Partner entities: NA

PI name: Jamie Scott

PI contact information:

Data start year: 1976

Data end year: 2005

Spatial scale: Northwest Atlantic

3.44.2 Data information

Project link: https://psl.noaa.gov/ipcc/roms/details.html

Data link: https://psl.noaa.gov/ipcc/roms/

Metadata link: NA

Data availability: No

Data categories: Physical oceanography

Data type: spatial

3.44.3 Project description

We used the Regional Ocean Modeling System (ROMS, Shchepetkin and McWilliams 2003, 2005) to investigate the effects of climate change on the northwest Atlantic. ROMS is a terrain-following primitive equation model with a free surface using incompressible and hydrostatic approximations. The version used here was configured by Kang and Curchitser (2003) has a horizontal grid spacing of 7 km and 40 vertical levels with higher resolution near the surface. The domain extends along the east coast of North America from approximately 10N to 52N, covering the western Caribbean, Gulf of America, and the western North Atlantic from Florida to Newfoundland and includes the Loop Current, Florida Current, Gulf Stream and the southern portion of the Labrador current. The initial and oceanic boundary forcing for the control simulation over the period 1976 to 2005 is obtained from the Simple Ocean Data Assimilation (SODA v2.1.6; Carton and Giese 2008) and the surface forcing from the Co-ordinated Ocean-Ice Reference Experiments (CORE v2; Large and Yeager 2009). Kang and Curchitser (2013) found that the mean path of the Gulf Stream and the distribution of eddy kinetic energy simulated by ROMS was in good agreement with satellite observations.

3.45 OISST V2

3.45.1 Project information

Lead entity: NOAA PSL

Partner entities: NA

PI name: Unknown

PI contact information: Unknown

Data start year: 1981

Data end year: Present

Spatial scale: Global

3.45.2 Data information

Project link: https://psl.noaa.gov/data/gridded/data.noaa.oisst.v2.highres.html

Data link: NA

Metadata link: https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/products/optimum-interpolation-sst

Data availability: Yes

Data categories: Physical oceanography

Data type: spatial

3.45.3 Project description

NOAA High-resolution Blended Analysis of Daily SST and Ice. Data is from Sep 1981 and is on a 1/4 ° global grid.

3.46 ERSST V5

3.46.1 Project information

Lead entity: NOAA PSL

Partner entities: NA

PI name: Boyin Huang

PI contact information:

Data start year: 1854

Data end year: Present

Spatial scale: Global

3.46.2 Data information

Project link: https://psl.noaa.gov/data/gridded/data.noaa.ersst.v5.html

Data link: NA

Metadata link: NA

Data availability: Yes

Data categories: Physical oceanography

Data type: spatial

3.46.3 Project description

A global monthly SST analysis from 1854 to the present derived from ICOADS data with missing data filled in by statistical methods.

3.47 World Ocean Database

3.47.1 Project information

Lead entity: NOAA NCEI

Partner entities: NA

PI name: Unknown

PI contact information:

Data start year:

Data end year:

Spatial scale: Global

3.47.3 Project description

The World Ocean Database (WOD) is the world’s largest publicly available uniform format quality controlled ocean profile dataset. Ocean profile data are sets of measurements of an ocean variable vs. depth at a single geographic location within a short (minutes to hours) temporal period in some portion of the water column from the surface to the bottom.

3.48 Jennifer Clark’s Gulf Stream Charts

3.48.1 Project information

Lead entity:

Partner entities: NA

PI name: Jennifer Clark

PI contact information:

Data start year: 1997

Data end year: Present

Spatial scale: Northwest Atlantic

3.48.2 Data information

Project link: https://jcgulfstream.com/charts/

Data link: NA

Metadata link: NA

Data availability: “Yes, by request”

Data categories: Physical oceanography

Data type: spatial

3.48.3 Project description

Using infrared imagery, satellite altimetry data, and surface isotherm data, oceanographic analyses are produced and available for the Gulf Stream area and all the major currents of the world.

3.49 AVHRR-VIIRS Multi-Sensor Composite SST

3.49.1 Project information

Lead entity: NOAA Coastwatch

Partner entities: NA

PI name: Unknown

PI contact information:

Data start year: 2007

Data end year: Present

Spatial scale: Northwest Atlantic

3.49.2 Data information

Project link: https://eastcoast.coastwatch.noaa.gov/cw_avhrr-viirs_sst.php

Data link: https://eastcoast.coastwatch.noaa.gov/data/avhrr-viirs/sst-ngt/monthly/

Metadata link: NA

Data availability: Yes

Data categories: Physical oceanography

Data type: spatial

3.49.3 Project description

Sea surface temperature (SST) is composited into a multi-sensor combined SST product utilizing data from two instruments: the Advanced Very High Resolution Radiometer (AVHRR) on the European MetOp satellites, and the Visible Infrared Imaging Radiometer Suite (VIIRS) on the U.S. SNPP and NOAA JPSS satellites.

3.50 Coastal Ocean Data Analysis Product in North America (CODAP-NA)

3.50.1 Project information

Lead entity: NOAA NCEI

Partner entities: NA

PI name: Li-Qing Jiang

PI contact information: Unknown

Data start year: 2021

Data end year: 2021

Spatial scale: USA

3.50.2 Data information

Project link: https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/data/oceans/ncei/ocads/metadata/0219960.html

Data link: https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/data/oceans/ncei/ocads/data/0219960/

Metadata link: https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/access/metadata/landing-page/bin/iso?id=gov.noaa.nodc:0219960

Data availability: Yes

Data categories: Physical oceanography

Data type: spatial

3.50.3 Project description

This data package contains an internally consistent data product for discrete inorganic carbon, oxygen, and nutrients on the U.S. North American ocean margins, i.e., Coastal Ocean Data Analysis Product (CODAP-NA). It is created by compiling, quality controlling (QC), and synthesizing two decades of discrete measurements of inorganic carbon, oxygen, and nutrient chemistry data from North America’s U.S. coastal oceans.

3.51 SNPP-VIIRS (SST and CHL)

3.51.1 Project information

Lead entity: NASA

Partner entities: NOAA NESDIS

PI name: Yan Bai

PI contact information:

Data start year: 2012

Data end year: Present

Spatial scale: Global

3.51.2 Data information

Project link: https://ncc.nesdis.noaa.gov/VIIRS/

Data link: https://oceandata.sci.gsfc.nasa.gov/l3/

Metadata link: NA

Data availability: Yes

Data categories: Physical oceanography, Plankton

Data type: spatial

3.51.3 Project description

The VIIRS instrument on board the Joint Polar Satellite System (JPSS) provides continuity in operational Earth observations at moderate resolution following the heritage sensors. It supports studies of the physical and biological properties of land and ocean surfaces, and of cloud and aerosol properties. VIIRS is designed to provide moderate-resolution, radiometrically accurate images of the entire Earth twice daily. It is a wide-swath (3,040 km) instrument with spatial resolutions of 370m and 740m at nadir

3.52 PMEL MAPCO2 (pCO2, temperature, salinity)

3.52.1 Project information

Lead entity: NOAA PMEL Carbon Program

Partner entities: University of New Hampshire Coastal Carbon Group

PI name: Unknown

PI contact information: Unknown

Data start year: 2010

Data end year: 2021

Spatial scale: Gulf of Maine

3.52.2 Data information

Project link: https://www.pmel.noaa.gov/co2/story/GOM

Data link: https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/access/ocean-carbon-acidification-data-system/oceans/Coastal/unh_ts.html

Metadata link: NA

Data availability: Yes

Data categories: Chemical oceanography, Physical oceanography

Data type: spatial

3.52.3 Project description

Data collection using the Coastal Western Gulf of Maine Mooring was initiated in 2006 as a collaborative effort between PMEL’s CO2 group and the University of New Hampshire’s Coastal Carbon Group. This buoy is the cornerstone ocean carbon time series station operating within the Northeast Regional Assoc. of Coastal Ocean Observing Systems (NERACOOS).

3.53 SeaWiFs (Sea-viewing Wide Field-of-view Sensor)

3.53.1 Project information

Lead entity: NASA

Partner entities: NA

PI name: Gene Carl Feldman

PI contact information:

Data start year: 1997

Data end year: 2010

Spatial scale: Global

3.53.2 Data information

Project link: https://oceancolor.gsfc.nasa.gov/SeaWiFS/BACKGROUND/

Data link: https://oceancolor.gsfc.nasa.gov/data/seawifs/

Metadata link: NA

Data availability: No

Data categories: Physical oceanography

Data type: spatial

3.53.3 Project description

The purpose of the Sea-viewing Wide Field-of-view Sensor (SeaWiFS) Project is to provide quantitative data on global ocean bio-optical properties to the Earth science community.

3.54 Atlantic Herring Acoustic Surveys

3.54.1 Project information

Lead entity: NOAA NEFSC

Partner entities: NA

PI name: Michael Jech

PI contact information:

Data start year: 1998

Data end year: Present

Spatial scale: Northwest Atlantic

3.54.2 Data information

Project link: https://www.fisheries.noaa.gov/inport/item/9025

Data link: https://catalog.data.gov/dataset/atlantic-herring-acoustic-surveys1

Metadata link: NA

Data availability: Yes

Data categories: Physical oceanography, Plankton

Data type: spatial

3.54.3 Project description

The NEFSC Advanced Sampling Technologies Research Group conducts annual fisheries acoustic surveys using state-of-the-art acoustic, midwater trawling, and underwater video technologies to improve fisheries-independent stock assessments for pelagic species. Pilot and experimental studies were conducted during 1995-97 to develop the NEFSC’s fisheries acoustic capabilities. Annual NEFSC Atlantic Herring Acoustic Surveys began in 1998. NEFSC acoustic capabilities include multifrequency EK60 echosounder data, Acoustic Doppler Current Profiler (ADCP), and trawl monitoring systems. Midwater trawling, plankton sampling, and underwater video operations provide biological samples and target verification. CTD (conductivity-temperature-depth) vertical profiles are also routinely obtained during survey operations.

3.55 Copernicus Marine Data Store

3.55.1 Project information

Lead entity: Copernicus

Partner entities: Horizon 2020, EMODnet, EU4OceanObs

PI name: Unknown

PI contact information: https://marine.copernicus.eu/contact

Data start year: Unknown

Data end year: Present

Spatial scale: Global

3.55.2 Data information

Project link: https://data.marine.copernicus.eu/products?facets=areas%7EGlobal+Ocean

Data link:

Metadata link: NA

Data availability: Yes

Data categories: Physical oceanography, Plankton

Data type: spatial

3.55.3 Project description

The Copernicus Marine Service (or Copernicus Marine Environment Monitoring Service) is the marine component of the Copernicus Programme of the European Union. It provides free, regular and systematic authoritative information on the state of the Blue (physical), White (sea ice) and Green (biogeochemical) ocean, on a global and regional scale. It is funded by the European Commission (EC) and implemented by Mercator Ocean International. It is designed to serve EU policies and International legal Commitments related to Ocean Governance, to cater for the needs of society at large for global ocean knowledge and to boost the Blue Economy across all maritime sectors by providing free-of-charge state-of-the-art ocean data and information.

3.56 NCEP Climate Forecast System Reanalysis (CFSR) Selected Hourly Time-Series Products, January 1979 to December 2010

3.56.1 Project information

Lead entity: National Centers for Environmental Prediction

Partner entities:

PI name: Unknown

PI contact information: Unknown

Data start year: 1979

Data end year: 2011

Spatial scale: Global

3.56.2 Data information

Project link: https://rda.ucar.edu/datasets/d093001/

Data link:

Metadata link:

Data availability: Yes

Data categories: Physical oceanography

Data type: spatial

3.56.3 Project description

The National Centers for Environmental Prediction (NCEP) Climate Forecast System Reanalysis (CFSR) was initially completed over the 31-year period from 1979 to 2009 and has been extended to March 2011. NCEP has created selected time series products at hourly temporal resolution by combining either 1) the analysis and one- through five-hour forecasts, or 2) the one- through six-hour forecasts, for each initialization time. Please note that NCEP only created time series for parameter/level combinations that they thought would be most useful to users. Time series that do not exist in this dataset can be created from the full 6-hourly products dataset at https://rda.ucar.edu/datasets/ds093.0/.For more information about CFSR in general, please see this page. For data to extend CFSR beyond March 2011, please see the Climate Forecast System Version 2 (CFSv2) datasets.

3.57 SouthCoast Wind Project Final Environmental Impact Statement

3.57.1 Project information

Lead entity: BOEM Office of Renewable Energy Programs

Partner entities: NA

PI name: Unknown

PI contact information: Unknown

Data start year: 2021

Data end year: 2024

Spatial scale: Northwest Atlantic

3.57.2 Data information

Project link: https://tethys.pnnl.gov/publications/southcoast-wind-project-final-environmental-impact-statement

Data link: NA

Metadata link: NA

Data availability: Yes

Data categories: Coastal fishes, Pelagic fishes, Crustaceans, Groundfish, Marine mammals, Sea turtles, Seabirds, Physical oceanography

Data type: “research project, synthesis, or technology development”

3.57.3 Project description

This Final Environmental Impact Statement (EIS) assesses the potential biological, socioeconomic, physical, and cultural impacts that could result from the construction and installation, operations and maintenance, and conceptual decommissioning of the SouthCoast Wind Project (Project) proposed by SouthCoast Wind Energy LLC (SouthCoast Wind), in its Construction and Operations Plan (COP).

3.58 Maine-New Hampshire (ME-NH) Trawl Survey Data Portal

3.58.1 Project information

Lead entity: Maine DMR

Partner entities: NA

PI name: Robyn Linner

PI contact information:

Data start year: 2000

Data end year: Present

Spatial scale: Gulf of Maine

3.58.2 Data information

Project link: https://mainedmr.shinyapps.io/MaineDMR_Trawl_Survey_Portal/

Data link: NA

Metadata link: NA

Data availability: Yes

Data categories: Habitat, Physical oceanography, Groundfish, Molluscs, Crustaceans, Pelagic fishes, Coastal fishes, Elasmobranchs, Diadromous fish

Data type: spatial

3.58.3 Project description

The Maine-New Hampshire Inshore Trawl Survey is a fishery-independent survey operated by Maine Department of Marine Resources that started in the fall of 2000. The survey is a collaborative partnership between commercial fishermen and state researchers to assess inshore fish stocks along the coast of Maine and New Hampshire. The survey occurs twice a year, in the spring and fall, and covers about 4500 square miles.